Abstract
The current work was to evaluate the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis of corn oil with caprylic acid (CA) in organic system under bath ultrasonic pretreatment and to analyze the physicochemical properties of structured lipids (SLs). Under optimum conditions (Novozym 40086 lipase, 200 W ultrasound power, 10 min ultrasound pretreatment time, 12% dosage of lipase, Triacylglycerol (TAG)/Free fatty acids (FFA): 1/8, 40 °C for 6 h), a 45.55% CA incorporation was obtained (named SLs-U). The highest CA incorporation was 32.75% for conventional method at reaction time of 10 h (named SLs-N). The predominant TAG types of SLs were MLM (medium-, long- and medium-chain-type TAGs) and MLL (medium-, long- and long-chain-type TAGs). X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that both SLs-U and SLs-N present β form. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that both SLs-U and SLs-N show a lower melting and crystallization temperature than corn oil. This study suggested that bath ultrasonic pretreatment can accelerate lipase-catalyzed acidolysis synthesis of MLM structured lipids in an organic system, and two kinds of structured lipids show similar physicochemical properties.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease, which caused by higher serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), has becomea widespread epidemic disease in the past few years [1]
The results suggested that indirect ultrasonic pretreatment could be applied to promote the acidolysis for synthesis of structured lipids enriched with medium-chain fatty acids
Structured lipids (SLs) [23].The results in this study showed that the ultrasonic pretreatment method presents a positive effect on the synthesis of MLM structural lipids
Summary
Cardiovascular disease, which caused by higher serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), has becomea widespread epidemic disease in the past few years [1]. The “low calorie lipids” have attracted much attention because the functionality and nutrition which can relieve cardiovascular disease has promoted the research on structured lipids (SLs) enriched with medium-chain fatty acids such as caprylic (C8:0) and capric (C10:0) acids. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) have smaller molecular size and higher solubility which can be rapidly hydrolyzed in gastrointestinal tract and are directly transported to the liver via hepatic portal circulation [2,3,4]. Some studies showed that consumption of MLCTs (medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols) can promote macrophage reverse cholesterol transport and reduce total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein [2]. Medium-chain fatty acids cannot be used as the only source of dietary fat since they can cause gastrointestinal problems [5].
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