Abstract
Ultrasonic morphology modification of silver (Ag) nanowires and their applications in transparent film heaters for defogging in electric vehicles and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detectors have been studied. With 10 min ultrasonic treatment of Ag nanowires, the electro-thermal conversion capability of Ag nanowire based transparent film heaters is efficiently improved (about 50% increase in temperature rise), which can be mainly attributed to the cross-section area reduction and the serious agglomerations of the ultrasonic modified Ag nanowire films. Furthermore, the bending or fracture caused by deformation of Ag nanowires after ultrasonic treatment provides more hot spots for SERS, and therefore lead to a significant SERS signal enhancement. This work not only greatly improves the performance of Ag nanowire based transparent film heaters and SERS detectors, but provides a new way for the functional modification of Ag nanowires.
Highlights
Ag nanowires as flexible transparent conductive materials have been used for flexible or stretchable transparent heater for defogging, water heating, thin film actuation, bioheating, etc. [1,2,3,4]
It is well known that ultrasonic treatment induced cavitation bubbles have enormous concentrations of energy, which is released intensely as bubble jets with flow rate up to 1000 m/s [17,18]
When the Ag nanowires are exposed to ultrasonic bath, high intensity ultrasonic tends to break into small pieces [20]
Summary
Ag (silver) nanowires as flexible transparent conductive materials have been used for flexible or stretchable transparent heater for defogging, water heating, thin film actuation, bioheating, etc. [1,2,3,4]. Ag nanowires can be prepared by various ways, such as deposition in hard templates, microwave, and hydrothermal synthesis [6,7,8] All these methods provide long and straight Ag nanowires, due to the growth habits of metal nano-crystals, or limited by straight template, such as anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) et al [9,10]. Long-duration or high-power ultrasonic treatments can both lead to surface corrosion for bulk material surfaces and cause serious deformation of nanostructures at the nanoscale [15,16]. This phenomenon provided us with the inspiration for the functional modification of Ag nanowires through ultrasonic treatments. In contrast to the original morphology of the Ag nanowires, Ag nanowires after ultrasonic treatment exhibit excellent electro-thermal properties and enhance SERS signals
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