Abstract
A complete ultrasonic measurement model is obtained for contact testing, where all the electrical, electromechanical, and acoustic/elastic elements are explicitly described. Reciprocity principles are used to model those acoustic/elastic elements that cannot be measured directly in terms of an integral of the incident and scattered wave fields over the surface of the flaw. This general measurement model for contact testing is then reduced to new, highly modular forms that are applicable to contact tests involving bulk, surface, and plate waves. These modular forms are similar in structure to the measurement model previously developed by Thompson and Gray [7] for immersion bulk wave inspections.
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