Ultrasonic Extraction of Oil fromCaesalpinia spinosa(Tara) Seeds

Zhan-Jun Li,Feng-Jian Yang,Yuan-Gang Zu,Lei Yang

doi:10.1155/2016/1794123

Zhan-Jun Li, Feng-Jian Yang + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1794123

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Abstract

Oil extracted from the seeds ofCaesalpinia spinosa(common name: tara) can be used in a number of applications. In the present study, tara seed oil was obtained by ultrasonic extraction. The effects of different solvents, particle sizes in the ground seed samples, extraction times, ultrasonication powers, extraction temperatures, and liquid–solid ratios on the yield of tara seed oil were investigated. The yield from the ultrasonic extraction was compared with that from traditional Soxhlet extraction. The results showed that ultrasonic extraction could be completed in a shorter time with reduced solvent consumption. The yield of tara seed oil increased with increasing ultrasonication power and extraction temperature. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the fatty acid compositions of the oils extracted by the two methods. The fatty acid compositions of the oils from both extraction methods were similar, which indicates that ultrasonic extraction is a viable alternative means of extraction. It is a rapid, efficient, and simple method for production of lipids from tara seeds.

Highlights

A number of new methods for extracting oils from seeds have been investigated in recent years, including mechanical compression [1], ultrasonic extraction [2], microwave extraction [3], and supercritical fluid extraction [4]
The optimized ultrasonic extraction was compared with a traditional Soxhlet extraction performed as follows: extraction solvent, particle size (60–80 mesh), extraction time (240 min), extraction temperature (90∘C), and liquid–solid ratio (14 : 1)
The yield of tara oil increased with increasing particle size in the tara seed powder, ultrasonication time, ultrasonication power, extraction temperature, and liquid– solid ratio

Summary

Introduction

A number of new methods for extracting oils from seeds have been investigated in recent years, including mechanical compression [1], ultrasonic extraction [2], microwave extraction [3], and supercritical fluid extraction [4]. Compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction provides higher selectivity, is less time-consuming, has lower energy consumption and reduced emissions [5, 6], and produces higher-quality oil [7]. It is environmentally friendly because most of the extraction solvent can be recovered, and the equipment is inexpensive. Tara seeds have a thick endosperm layer [10, 15] and good thermal and physicochemical stability [16, 17] They are rich in a host of nutrients, including glucomannan, and have a high half milk protein content. The results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing tara oil extraction processes

Results and Discussion

Experimental Section

Conclusions