Abstract
Fluorescent pH biosensors have gained importance owing to their low cost utilization in real time monitoring of biological and food samples in comparison to conventional pH meters. The research reports a novel method of ultrasonic atomization for developing a fluorescent pH sensor for real-time analysis made of Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran/FITC-dextran-Tris (2, 2′-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium (II) hexahydrate as indicator and reference fluorophores, respectively. The process of ultrasonic atomization ensures formation of monodisperse dye immobilized alginate microspheres ensuring efficient pH sensing. The developed biosensor was tested on milk samples, which has a short life span and shows a significant fall in pH with time due to microbial spoilage. The proposed biosensor showed a linear range of pH 4–8 (R2 between 0.96–0.99 for different single/dual fluorophore biosensors) which suitably cover the pH of milk during the entire storage period and spoilage. The % recovery for predicted pH falls between 90–110% compared against standard pH meter, indicating a good accuracy of estimation and low turnaround time (10 min). Thus, real-time monitoring using fluorescent pH biosensor for milk samples may profoundly improve the economics of losses occurring in processing and storage with capability of in-package continuous quality assessment.
Highlights
Derived molecules are the most sought entities for the scientific community in developing the biosensors owing to their environment-friendly nature and biological specificity
FITC-dextran [150 kDa (FITC)-dextran used in the prepared pH biosensor acts as a macromolecular pH-sensitive fluorophore which ionizes in higher pH range with its conversion of mono and di-anionic forms at carboxylic and hydroxyl groups
Macromolecular FITC, i.e., FITC dextran 150 kDa and 500 kDa can be more suitable for improving biosensor performance owing to reduced leaching from encapsulated s ystem[27]
Summary
Derived molecules are the most sought entities for the scientific community in developing the biosensors owing to their environment-friendly nature and biological specificity. The current research aims to develop and optimize a composition of pH biosensor based on FITC-dextran encapsulated in alginate microspheres.
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