Ultrasensitive Optical Chemosensor for Cu(II) Detection.

Sayed M. Saleh,Ibrahim A. I. Ali,Reham Ali,Fahad Alminderej

doi:10.1155/2019/7381046

Sayed M. Saleh, Ibrahim A. I. Ali + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7381046

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Abstract

Herein, the main objective of this research is to design and synthesize a novel optical chemosensor, 2,6-Bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-(dicyanomethylene)-cyclohexane-1,1-dicarbo-nitrile (BDC), for detection of one of the most significant metal ions Cu(II). This novel fluorescent chemosensor exhibits unique optical properties with large Stokes shift (about 170 nm) approximately. The fluorescence and UV–vis absorption performance among the BDC probe and Cu(II) ions were examined in 1:9 (v/v) methanol–HEPES buffer (pH = 7.2) solution. Also, BDC displays high selectivity for Cu(II) concerning other cations. Moreover, this probe provides high selectivity and sensitivity based on their fluorescence properties and recognition abilities within a detection limit of the Cu(II) contents (LOD 2.3 x 10−7 M). The suggested mechanism of BDC sensor is attributed to the chelation process with Cu(II), to establish a 1:1 metal-ligand ratio complex with a binding constant (Kbind = 7.16 x 104 M−1). The detection process is accompanied by quenching the main emission peak of the BDC at 571 nm. All the experimental data were collected to investigate the effects of several important parameters such as reversibility and the concentration limits. Besides, we study the interference of various metal ions on selectivity and detection capacity of this significant Cu (II) ion. This novel chemosensor shows ultrasensitive, fast tracing of Cu(II) in the physiological pH range (pH 7.2) and therefore may propose a novel promising method for the investigation of the biological functions of Cu(II) in living cells.

Highlights

As one of the most essential metal ions in humans, copper ions play a vital role in several biological processes involving generation of cellular energy, transferring and activation of oxygen molecules, and transduction of signals [1]
Upon adding up Cu(II) ions to the plain BDC solution, a new absorption band generated at 301 nm, besides the two main absorption peaks of the free BDC probe, which could be attributed to π-π∗ and n-π∗ transitions [54]
The absorption of the new and the 242 nm peaks is enhanced with further addition of copper ions

Summary

Introduction

As one of the most essential metal ions in humans, copper ions play a vital role in several biological processes involving generation of cellular energy, transferring and activation of oxygen molecules, and transduction of signals [1]. In case of increasing Cu(II) content, these ions bind to the active sites of some particular enzymes and exchange the nutrient minerals [5,6,7,8]. During this process, the metal-enzyme interaction alters the functions of many enzymes [9, 10], which causes disturbance of the same biological systems. The structure of many tissues changes during absorption process of these toxic heavy metal ions, followed by replacing other substituents These tissues (e.g., the arteries, joints, bones, and muscles) are affected strongly with this undesired interaction and cause health weakness and a series of dangerous diseases [11,12,13,14]. This process causes critical alteration of the body chemistry-based RNA and DNA [16, 17]

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