Ultrasensitive and selective detection of cadmium ions in hair, nail, cigarette and wastewater samples using disulfo-stilbenediamine capped silver nanoparticles

Abstract

In order to honor the World Environment Day (5th June) and International periodic table year (2019) herein, we are reporting the disulfo-stilbenediamine capped AgNPs (DS-AgNPs) probe based Cd2+ ions sensor. We have synthesized DS-AgNPs by wet chemical method. The synthesized DS-AgNPs are stable for more than three months. The band gap energy of DS-AgNPs was calculated by Tauc's plot and value fond to be 2.45 eV. The particles size of DS-AgNPs was calculated to be 17.95 ± 0.25 nm using high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images. Then, DS-AgNPs was utilized as probe to Cd2+ ions sensor. Based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band changes, we have calculated the concertation of Cd2+ ions. Good linearity was observed from 60.1 µM to 990 nM and limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 39.5 nM (LOD = 3S/m). 1000-fold of common interferences did not interfere for the detection of Cd2+ ions. Finally, we have applied DS-AgNPs for the sensing of Cd2+ ions in water, hair, nail, and cigarette samples. Good recovery was obtained from 95.8% to 103.3%. This Cd2+ ions detection sensor system will be an enlightened in the field of nanotechnology, material and environmental sciences.