Abstract
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. However, the precise and real-time detection of the reaction rate remains challenging due to its fast and dynamical process. In this paper, the photonic spin Hall effect is proposed to realize the ultrasensitive and real-time detection of the reaction rate of sucrose hydrolysis. By incorporating with quantum weak measurement, the photonic spin-Hall shift acts as the measurement pointer, and the optical rotation in the process of sucrose hydrolysis acts as the postselection state. The high measurement resolution with 1.25 × 10−4 degree is achieved due to the weak-value amplification in quantum weak measurement which outperforms the standard polarimeter. In our scheme, the amplified measurement pointer is real-time monitoring the chemical reaction process. It does not involve any mechanical adjustment of optical elements once the experimental setup is established and thereby realizes a real-time detection of the dynamic chemical reaction.
Highlights
A chemical reaction is usually accompanied by observed physical effects, such as the emission of light, the shift of the optical spectrum, or the change in chirality.[1]
Due to the quantum noise of a coherent light source and the limited extinction ratio of polarizers, the accuracy is always lower than 10−3 degree.[6]
The postselection polarization state is modified by the change in optical rotation in the process of sucrose hydrolysis and the initial spin-dependent shift induced by photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) acts as the measurement pointer
Summary
A chemical reaction is usually accompanied by observed physical effects, such as the emission of light, the shift of the optical spectrum, or the change in chirality.[1]. The photonic spin-Hall shifts provide important information of optical interface, and it can be employed as the pointer in precision measurements.[13–20] photonic SHE is a weak effect whose initial shift is only a fraction of a wavelength and cannot be detected directly by conventional optical measurements. The postselection polarization state is modified by the change in optical rotation in the process of sucrose hydrolysis and the initial spin-dependent shift induced by photonic SHE acts as the measurement pointer. The amplified pointer shifts in the quantum weak measurements show a high sensitivity to the change in the optical rotation angle. Due to the weakvalue amplification in quantum weak measurements, the high measurement resolution with 1.25 × 10−4 degree is achieved without any mechanical adjustment of optical elements once the experimental setup is established. Our scheme may have potential applications in the observation of the chemical reaction phenomenon and the detection of the parameters
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