Ultralow-Noise Room-Temperature Quantum Memory for Polarization Qubits

Abstract

Here we show an ultra-low noise regime of operation in a simple quantum memory in warm Rb atomic vapor. By modelling the quantum dynamics of four-level room temperature atoms, we achieve fidelities >90% for single-photon level polarization qubits, clearly surpassing any classical strategy exploiting the non-unitary memory efficiency. This is the first time such important threshold has been crossed with a room temperature device. Additionally we also show novel experimental techniques capable of producing fidelities close to unity. Our results demonstrate the potential of simple, resource-moderate experimental room temperature quantum devices.