Abstract
Advanced applications in optical metrology demand improved lasers with high spectral purity, in form factors that are small and insensitive to environmental perturbations. While laboratory-scale lasers with extraordinarily high stability and low noise have been reported, all-integrated chip-scale devices with sub-100 Hz linewidth have not been previously demonstrated. Lasers integrated with optical microresonators as external cavities have the potential for substantial reduction of noise. However, stability and spectral purity improvements of these lasers have only been validated with rack-mounted support equipment, assembled with fibre lasers to marginally improve their noise performance. In this work we report on a realization of a heterogeneously integrated, chip-scale semiconductor laser featuring 30-Hz integral linewidth as well as sub-Hz instantaneous linewidth.
Highlights
Advanced applications in optical metrology demand improved lasers with high spectral purity, in form factors that are small and insensitive to environmental perturbations
It is highly desirable to devise an approach where limitations related to mirrors and other elements of super cavities do not compromise the availability of high spectral purity semiconductor lasers
In this work we report on the development and study of a chip-scale heterogeneously integrated diode laser stabilized by self-injection locking to a crystalline whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonator
Summary
The inherent linewidth of semiconductor lasers, limited by the small size and quality factor (Q) of the laser cavity, is typically in the MHz range, making the use of a super cavity or an atomic transition mandatory for their line narrowing and stabilization[5,12,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Crystalline whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators are mirrorless structures operational at any wavelength within the transparency range of the host material[30] This makes them suitable for stabilization of any kind of lasers emitting in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared. The superior stability of operation of this laser is achieved without a vacuum vessel or vibration isolation
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