Ultra-long-term results of the Chiari pelvic osteotomy in hip dysplasia patients: a minimum of thirty-five years follow-up

Abstract

PurposeThe Chiari pelvic osteotomy was the first surgical procedure to address hip dysplasia by changing the position of the acetabulum by medialization, thus creating a bony roof and improving biomechanical conditions. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to report on the very long-term results of this technique.MethodsOut of a consecutive series of 1536 hips, 504 in 405 patients were available for follow-up. The patients were assessed by physical and radiological examination. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with total hip arthroplasty as an endpoint was performed and stratified for age groups, pre-operative diagnosis, sex and osteoarthritis stage.ResultsThe average follow-up was 36 ± 8.1 years (range, 35.2 to 54). The average pain level on the Visual Analogue Scale was 2.9 ± 2.6 (range 0 to 8.7). The average Harris Hip Score was 80.2 ± 17.4 (range 17.4 to 100). Correction of dysplasia was effective and remained stable over time. Osteoarthritis significantly increased over time with 53% Tönnis grade 3 at follow-up. The cumulative survivorship was 79.8% (95% confidence interval (CI), 76.1–83.2%) at 20 years, 57.1% (95% CI, 52.8–61.8%) at 30 years and 35% (95% CI, 30.3–40.3%) at 40 years. Young age, male sex and low osteoarthritis grade were positive prognostic factors.ConclusionsAlthough the Chiari pelvic osteotomy is considered a salvage procedure nowadays, it achieved excellent long-term results even in indications, which would be treated differently today. Young patients without osteoarthritis had the best outcome.