Abstract
Carbon materials are considered as prospective candidates for Na-ion batteries (SIBs) anodes, which have attracted significant attention. It is critical to develop a novel carbon anode with high specific capacity and excellent coulombic efficiency for practical application of SIBs. Herein, N/S-codoped hollow carbon spheres with rich carbon nanotubes is developed to work as sodium ion batteries anode. Owing to the unique structure, the material exhibits excellent performance and cycling stability at ultrahigh rate. In addition, the capacity maintains at 130 mA h g-1 under a current density of 10 A g-1 after 5600 cycles. The mechanisms of surface-dominated storage are elaborated by electrochemical test, scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman analysis, ex situ X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, we quantitatively calculate the relationship between the extra specific capacity and the introduced defect, which can give the inspiration of improving the performance of sodium ion batteries. These results benefit the development of novel excellent sodium storage materials.
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