Abstract
Powder metallurgy Ti-Fe alloys are of growing interest due to their low cost and good mechanical behaviour, which is comparable to that of the workhorse Ti-6Al-4V. Fe is normally added as alloying element to develop α+β alloys characterised by the typical lamellar structure. In this work, treating the alloy as metastable β-Ti, the slow bainitic transformation has been used to enable the formation of ultrafine α+β microstructures in a powder metallurgy Ti-5Fe alloy, achieving superior properties. The kinetics for the formation and decomposition of the phases was studied to achieve different microstructures. α-Ti is formed at temperatures as low as 400 °C in less than 24 h, while ω-Ti is stable up to 450 °C. In this case, the high oxygen typical of low cost PM alloys manufactured using hydride-dehydride powder made a positive contribution by stabilising α-Ti over ω-Ti in shorter times and at lower temperatures.
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