Abstract
Welding between an AuNi9 microwire and Au microlayer is of great importance for fabricating electrical contact structures for high precision inertial devices, satellite slip ring brushes, robots, etc. In this paper, the achievement of parallel micro-gap resistance welding (PMRW) with 200-μm AuNi9 microwires on a 3-μm Au layer was presented. The study on the orthogonal design of the experiment was carried out. The effect of the process parameters (welding current, welding time, and welding pressure) was discussed in reference to the morphologies and tensile force of the joint using range analysis. It is shown that too much or too little heat input will decrease the welding performance. A group of optimized process parameters (0.275 kA welding current, 3 ms welding time, and 28.7 N welding pressure) was obtained. During the welding process, the dynamic resistance of the whole welding system was measured, which can reflect the welding quality. Finite element simulation is utilized to calculate the welding temperature. The highest temperature was located in the center area of the AuNi9 microwire, reaching 1397.2 °C, which is higher than the melting point of AuNi9. By contrast, the highest temperature for the pad was 826.47 °C (lower than the melting point of Au). Hence, under optimized process parameters, a transient interfacial reaction between the liquid AuNi9 microwire and solid Au pad occurred, and the strength of the welded joint reached 5.54 N.
Highlights
As a result of its excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and corrosion resistance, gold is widely used as an electronic sliding contact material for high precision inertial devices, satellite slip ring brushes, robots, etc. [1,2,3,4,5]
The welded joint strength between the AnNi9 microwire and Au microlayer is the most important index, which mainly depends on the Joule heat and pressure during the most important index, which mainly depends on the Joule heat and pressure during the welding process
The results show that welding current has the most significant impact on welded joint strength, which is attributed to the quadratic relationship between current and Joule heat
Summary
As a result of its excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and corrosion resistance, gold is widely used as an electronic sliding contact material for high precision inertial devices, satellite slip ring brushes, robots, etc. [1,2,3,4,5]. As a result of its excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and corrosion resistance, gold is widely used as an electronic sliding contact material for high precision inertial devices, satellite slip ring brushes, robots, etc. The low intrinsic hardness, easy deformation, and poor elasticity of pure gold limits its application in circumstances necessitating high mechanical strength requirements [6,7]. The AuNi9 alloy is considered to be one of the most promising materials because of its high strength, low resistivity, and stability. In such applications, AuNi9 brushes are usually assembled with Au sheets so as to fabricate friction pairs. A robust and reliable welding joint between a microscale AuNi9 wire and Au layer is highly required
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