Abstract
Results of a self-consistent ultrafast study of nonlinear optical properties of silicon nanowaveguides using heterodyne pump-probe technique are reported. The two-photon absorption coefficient and free-carrier absorption effective cross-section were determined to be 0.68cm/GW, and 1.9x10(-17) cm2, respectively and the Kerr coefficient and free-carrier-induced refractive index change 0.32x10(-13) cm2/W, and -5.5x10(-21) cm3, respectively. The effects of the proton bombardment on the linear loss and the carrier lifetime of the devices were also studied. Carrier lifetime reduction from 330ps to 33ps with a linear loss of only 14.8dB/cm was achieved using a proton bombardment level of 10(15)/cm2.
Highlights
Silicon-based optical devices have received a great deal of attention for potential application to high speed signal processing and on-chip communications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The high bandwidths, high speeds and energy efficiency of optical communication circuits allow for on-board communication with performance greatly surpassing the electronic alternative [11, 12]
The lower power beam passes through an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to produce an RF frequency shift of 35MHz
Summary
Silicon-based optical devices have received a great deal of attention for potential application to high speed signal processing and on-chip communications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. We utilized the heterodyne femtosecond pump-probe technique to study the nonlinear index and absorption properties of silicon with high sensitivity and dynamic range and to investigate the ultrafast components and related longer recovery processes at the same time. A major advantage of silicon photonic devices is that they can be produced efficiently by taking advantage of the mature silicon processing technology that has been extensively developed to permit low-cost, large-volume electronic circuit production. This makes possible optical devices compatible with the CMOS technology for on-chip integration. The high bandwidths, high speeds and energy efficiency of optical communication circuits allow for on-board communication with performance greatly surpassing the electronic alternative [11, 12]
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