Ultradistributions and quantum fields: Fourier-Laplace transforms and boundary values of analytic functions

Abstract

The distribution theory is the mathematical framework of the axiomatic quantum field theory of A.S. Wightman. The axioms are satisfied in the case of the free field and in some non-trivial models studied in the constructive quantum field theory introduced by J. Glimm and A. Jaffe (two and three dimensions). No non-trivial example in four dimensions is known. The vacuum expectation values in the Wightman theory can have at most polynomial increase in momentum space. A. Jaffe has extended the axioms in order to allow non-polynomial increase in momentum space. In this paper we discuss the ultradistribution framework which is the most general framework for Jaffe fields (strictly localizable fields). The ultradistributions have been introduced by A. Beurling, G. Björck and independently by C. Roumieu. Ultradistribution theory is a natural generalization of the distribution theory. We study the Fourier-Laplace transform of ultradistributions, extenting results of A. Jaffe [8,9] in several directions. A Bochner-Schwartz theorem for ultradistributions is also shown to be valid. We expect ultradistribution theory to play a role in constructive quantum field theory.