Ultra-Compact Broadband 2 × 2 3 dB Power Splitter Using a Subwavelength-Grating-Assisted Asymmetric Directional Coupler

Abstract

An ultra-compact broadband 2 × 2 3 dB power splitter is proposed and demonstrated by utilizing a subwavelength- grating (SWG)-assisted asymmetric directional coupler. In the present design, a subwavelength grating is inserted into the straight coupling region of an asymmetric directional coupler, so that the refractive index and the dispersion properties of this structure are engineered for achieving an ultra-broad bandwidth and an ultra-compact footprint. For the present power splitter with a straight coupling region as short as 5.25 μm, the bandwidth is as large as 300 nm (1400~1700 nm) for achieving an imbalance of <; 0.4 dB and an excess loss of <; 0.33 dB for the fundamental transverse electrical (TE) mode. The fabricated splitter works well with an imbalance less than 0.5 dB and with an excess loss less than 1 dB in a broad wavelength-band from 1450 to 1650 nm.