Abstract
We investigate magnetic properties of Mott-insulating phases of ultracold Bose and Fermi spinor gases in optical lattices. We consider in particular the F = 2 Bose gas, and the F = 3/2 and 5/2 Fermi gases. We derive effective spin Hamiltonians for one and two atoms per site and discuss the possibilities of manipulating the magnetic properties of the system using optical Feshbach resonances. We discuss low temperature quantum phases of a 87Rb gas in the F = 2 hyperfine state, as well as possible realizations of high spin Fermi gases with either 6Li or 132Cs atoms in the F = 3/2 state, and with 173Yb atoms in the F = 5/2 state.
Highlights
DEUTSCHE PHYSIKALISCHE GESELLSCHAFT using ultracold atomic gases
Recent studies involving both F = 1 and F = 2 rubidium atoms have focused on the rich dynamics of spinor Bose condensates [4]–[7], as well as on exotic phases (as, for instance, nematic, half-vortices, and singlet superfluids (SFs)8)
It is worth noticing that mean field results are valid for Mott insulator (MI) states with one atom per lattice site, provided that all atoms are described by the same single-particle wave function attached to a given site
Summary
There is an enormous interest in Fermi gases, and in particular in spinor Fermi gases in optical lattices. Hofstetter and collaborators have written a series of papers, reviewed in [34], on fermionic atoms with SU(N) symmetry in optical lattices Such systems have exotic SF and flavour-ordered GSs, and exhibit very rich behaviour in the presence of disorder. It is, inevitable to ask which atoms can be used to realize high-F fermonic spinor gases in optical lattices. We will analyse the possibility of exploring parameters of the systems by modifying atomic scattering lengths This cannot be done using the standard Feshbach resonances (cf [45]), since we assume zero magnetic field. Its eigenvalues are NS(2N − 2NS + 3)/5, where the quantum number NS denotes the number of spin-singlet pairs and N the total number of bosons [26]
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