Abstract
AbstractAn ultra‐wideband antenna is suggested, simulated, and fabricated for ground penetrating radar (GPR) and landmine detection applications. The reported design has wideband, high gain, and high directivity. The new configuration achieves unidirectional radiation characteristics maintaining circularly polarized (CP) radiation characteristics. The whole configuration is optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to achieve the optimal bandwidth, gain, and axial ratio (AR). The performance of the overall geometrical design is analyzed in terms of bandwidth, gain, directivity, and AR. The proposed antenna offers a gain of 2.66 dB in free space, which is enhanced to 8.86 by using an artificial magnetic conductor. The measured results show that the proposed configuration offers −10 dB return loss bandwidth of 540 MHz over the frequency range (0.8‐1.34 GHz) with ~50.5% operational bandwidth and 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 295 MHz for the frequency range (0.97‐1.265 GHz) with an approximate percentage of 26.4%. Furthermore, the maximum gain over the CP‐operated bandwidth close to 8.86 dB, at frequency 1.05 GHz, is obtained. It is anticipated that this antenna is suitable for GPR applications as well as for employment in landmine detection.
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