Abstract

Abstract Microdisk lasers are important components in photonic integrated circuits (PICs), of which the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are usually confined within a two-dimensional (2D) planar slab. Here, owing to the strain relaxation of quantum wells by wet-etching method, we present ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with single-mode lasing emission and a high quality factor of ∼17,000, which enable a 3D spatial intensity distribution of WGMs and provide an extra degree of freedom for the confined photons compared with the conventional 2D in-plane WGMs. The curved microdisk lasers with a 3D spatial profile of WGMs may provide attractive applications in flexible and multilevel photon sources for the PICs.

Highlights

  • Microcavities with the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) have triggered intense research interest in both realistic applications and fundamental science, such as linear and nonlinear optics [1, 2], strongly coupled cavity quantum electrodynamics [3], as well as compact microlasers [4]

  • Owing to the strain relaxation of quantum wells by wet-etching method, we present ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with single-mode lasing emission and a high quality factor of ∼17,000, which enable a 3D spatial intensity distribution of WGMs and provide an extra degree of freedom for the confined photons compared with the conventional 2D inplane WGMs

  • The ultra-thin curved microdisk lasers were optically pumped at room temperature with a microphotoluminescence (μ-PL) measurement system in a surface-normal pump configuration, using a 405 nm laser (8 ns pulses with 40 μs periods) as the excitation source

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Summary

Introduction

Microcavities with the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) have triggered intense research interest in both realistic applications and fundamental science, such as linear and nonlinear optics [1, 2], strongly coupled cavity quantum electrodynamics [3], as well as compact microlasers [4]. The WGMs show a two-dimensional (2D) spatial intensity distribution in the horizontal plane of mechanically inflexible 2D planar microdisk lasers, owing to the high intrinsic stiffness. We demonstrated ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with a thickness ∼80 nm, of which the 3D curved architecture is formed by strain induced rolling mechanism [14,15,16]. Compared with directly epitaxial growth of stained active layers for self-rolling microcavities [14, 16], the strain relaxation of active materials was achieved by wet-etching the III–V cladding layers from a generally thick planar structure. The ultra-thin curved microdisk lasers with a 3D spatial profile of WGMs enable many potential applications, such as integrated flexible and multilevel photon sources for the PICs [17]

Structural design and device fabrication
Results and discussion
Conclusion

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