Ultra-stable 3D pyridinium salt-based polymeric network nanotrap for selective 99TcO4-/ReO4- capture via hydrophobic and steric engineering

Abstract

Selective capture of radioactive 99TcO4- from highly alkaline nuclear waste is highly desirable for environmental remediation and waste disposal. However, the combined features of adsorbents with excellent chemical stability and high capture selectivity for 99TcO4- have not yet been achieved. Herein, we report an ultra-stable 3D pyridinium salt-based polymeric network (TMP-TBPM) nanotrap with remarkable radiation, acid and base stability for selective capture of ReO4- via hydrophobic engineering and steric hindrance, a non-radioactive surrogate of 99TcO4-. The batch capture experiments show that TMP-TBPM has high capture capacity (918.7 mg g−1) and fast sorption kinetics (94.3 % removal in 2 min), which can be attributed to the high density of pyridinium salt-based units on the highly accessible pore channels of 3D interconnected low-density skeleton. In addition, the introduction of abundant alkyl and tetraphenylmethane units into the 3D framework not only greatly enhanced the hydrophobicity and stability of TMP-TBPM, but also significantly improved the affinity toward 99TcO4-/ReO4-, enabling reversible and selective capture of 99TcO4-/ReO4- even under highly alkaline conditions. This study exhibits the great potential of 3D pyridinium salt-based polymeric network nanotrap for 99TcO4-/ReO4- capture from highly alkaline nuclear waste, providing a new strategy to construct high-performance cationic polymeric sorbents for radioactive wastewater treatment.