Abstract
Spray particle size distribution within a closed room and target pest mortality to ultra-low-volume (ULV)-applied synergized pyrethrins were studied, using the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal, and rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.). The insects were given various degrees of harborage and exposed for different time intervals up to 2 h during and immediately after application, or exposed 15 or 60 min after application. ULV treatments were most effecttve immediately after application. Insects exposed 15 min after application were not effectively controlled. ULV treatments did not penetrate well into completely enclosed areas. Also, less volume settled within open and partly open cabinets than on completely exposed surfaces. Increased exposure time led to greater mortality in protected areas.
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