Abstract
Regular exercise attenuates the age associated decline in VO2max, functional impairment in different organs, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the related oxidative damage. Although regular exercise attenuates the age-associated decline in VO2max and deterioration of most of the organs via enhanced mitochondrial function and dynamics the effects are complex and mediated by multi signaling pathways. Exercise training attenuates the age-related loss in cellular housekeeping system, which includes proteasome, Lon protease, autophagy, mitophagy and DNA repair systems which beneficially impacts organ function. Accumulating evidence suggests that exercise lessen the deleterious effects of aging, however it seems unlikely that the systemic effects are mediated through a specific biomarker.
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