Abstract
Abstract. This paper presents a study on the potential of ultra-high accurate UAV-based 3D data capture. It is motivated by a project aiming at the deformation monitoring of a ship lock and its surrounding. This study is part of a research and development project initiated by the German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG) in Koblenz in partnership with the Office of Development of Neckar River Heidelberg (ANH). For this first official presentation of the project, data from the first flight campaign will be analysed and presented. Despite the fact that monitoring aspects cannot be discussed before data from additional flight campaigns will be available later this year, our results from the first campaign highlight the potential of high-end UAV-based image and LiDAR sensors and their data fusion. So far, only techniques from engineering geodesy could fulfil the aspired accuracy demands in the range of millimetres. To the knowledge of the authors, this paper for the first time addresses such ultra-high accuracy applications by combing high precision UAV-based LiDAR and dense image matching. As the paper is written at an early stage of processing only preliminary results can be given here.
Highlights
This paper introduces an UAV-based LiDAR and image data project for the ultra-high precision mapping and monitoring of infrastructures or other objects
While the preliminary results are promising w.r.t. high spatial resolution and potential to fulfil the accuracy demand for aerial monitoring of very small subsidences, systematic effects are still visible in the LiDAR strip height differences and especially when comparing the LiDAR point cloud to the photogrammetric one
Additional reference objects for LiDAR strip adjustment selected from photogrammetric point cloud after georeferencing
Summary
The paper describes the potential of ultra-high precision UAVbased LiDAR and dense image matching. As it is visible, the river itself was not captured (except the ship lock and weir parts) as its width is around 100 m and images would only depict water. Both UAV sensor platforms incorporate additional GNSS/inertial sensors for the direct determination of sensor’s exterior orientation elements (APX-15 UAV combined with iXU-RS 1000 camera and Applanix APX-20 UAV in combination with VUX scanner) This direct trajectory determination is essential for the LiDAR scanning geometry and helps for the nadir images. Additional exterior orientations will help to stabilize the photogrammetric block where images mainly capture water only and, tie point extraction may fail
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