Abstract
A simple and highly sensitive method for the determination of caffeine in energy beverages was developed and validated. Sample preparation utilizing solid-phase extraction (SPE) was simple and reliable. Separation by isocratic ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with a reversed-phase C18 column was performed within 6 min. The use of SPE with UPLC coupled with electrospray ionization-multiple tandem mass spectrometry detection (ESI-MSn) was accurate, reproducible, and validated for the determination of caffeine in energy drink matrices. The limit of quantification for caffeine was approximately 2.1 ng mL−1. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 4%, and the accuracy of the measurements was between 85.1% and 93.2%. Results for caffeine concentrations in eighteen beverages were compared to the values on the labels. This paper describes the first use of the UPLC–ESI-ion trap MSn technique for quality-control purposes of caffeine present in energy drinks.
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