Ultra-fast liquid chromatography method coupled with ultraviolet detection to quantify dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide in short half-lives radiopharmaceuticals.

Abstract

Radiolabelling with short half-lives radionuclides (e.g., fluorine-18 and carbon-11) must be as efficient and as fast as possible. Nucleophilic radiofluorinations and radiomethylations are conducted in polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxyde (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), at high temperature. Those solvents are classified as toxic according to the ICH guidelines and must be evaluated in drug such as radiopharmaceuticals. Headspace gas chromatography is the standard method for the quantification of residual solvents but is not optimized for a rapid quantification of low vapor pressure solvents such as DMSO, DMF and DMA in radiopharmaceuticals. Direct injection gas chromatography is an interesting option without incubation step but the analysis run-time remains beyond 10 min long. In consequence, we developed a very simple ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with UV detection. Following the EMA requirements, we successfully validated a 3-min run-time analysis for quantification of three solvents in short half-lives radiopharmaceuticals. We currently use this method for the quality control of radiopharmaceuticals produced in our PET center.