Abstract
In this paper, two methods for obtaining an ultra- compact variable all-optical attenuator based on multimode interference (MMI) using silicon waveguides are proposed. The first method is to use two connected silicon waveguides. The second method is to use a multimode interference coupler. B forming a surface pattern on the top of the MMI region at special positions or on the top of linking waveguides, a variable attenuator is achieved. The device dimension is about 2 m μ x30 m μ that is the smallest length of an optical attenuator reported up-to-date. Designs of the proposed devices on silicon on insulator (SOI) platform are then verified and optimized using numerical simulation methods.
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