Ultimate pH, colour characteristics and proximate and mineral composition of edible organs, glands and kidney fat from Saanen goat male kids

Vladimir M Tomović,Marija R Jokanović,Ivan I Pihler,Jaroslava V Švarc-Gajić,Ivana M Vasiljević,Snežana B Škaljac,Branislav V Šojić,Dušan M Živković,Tin B Lukić,Aleksandra R Despotović,Igor B Tomašević

doi:10.1080/09712119.2016.1206905

Vladimir M Tomović, Marija R Jokanović + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2016.1206905

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Abstract

ABSTRACTUltimate pH value and instrumental colour (CIEL*a*b* values) characteristics, proximate (moisture, protein, total fat and total ash) and mineral composition (K, P, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, Ni and Mn) were determined in 10 (heart, tongue, lungs, spleen, liver, kidney, brain, testicle, thymus and kidney fat) edible by-products of Saanen goat male kids. Many significant or numerical differences were found in the mean values of quality characteristics among the edible by-products. Among edible organs and glands, liver had the lowest surface CIEL* value (darkest colour), and the highest levels of protein, Zn, Cu and Mn. Furthermore, the highest pH24h, total ash, K, P and Mg levels were determined in the thymus. The testicle had the highest moisture, Ca and Ni levels. The spleen had the lowest fresh cut cross-section CIEL* value (darkest colour), and the highest Fe level. The highest total fat content and Na level were determined in the brain and kidney, respectively. Among all the edible by-products, kidney fat had the highest pH24h, surface CIEL* value (lightest colour) and total fat content, and the lowest moisture, protein, total ash, K, P, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, Ni and Mn levels.

Highlights

Goats, the earliest ruminant to be domesticated, are traditional sources of meat, milk, fibre, leather, related products of animal origin and are used as draught and pack animals (Casey & Webb 2010; Argüello 2011).In general, the number of goats, as well as goat meat production, has increased worldwide over past years (Argüello 2011; FAOSTAT 2015)
In Serbia, no statistical records were kept concerning the number of goats and their breeding because goat keeping was banned by law after the Second World War for a long period (Memiši et al 2009; Žujović et al 2009)
Ultimate pH and colour were significantly affected by the type of byproduct (P < .05)

Summary

Introduction

The earliest ruminant to be domesticated, are traditional sources of meat, milk, fibre, leather, related products of animal origin and are used as draught and pack animals (Casey & Webb 2010; Argüello 2011).In general, the number of goats, as well as goat meat production, has increased worldwide over past years (Argüello 2011; FAOSTAT 2015). In Serbia, no statistical records were kept concerning the number of goats and their breeding because goat keeping was banned by law after the Second World War for a long period (Memiši et al 2009; Žujović et al 2009). This law was, never fully implemented, but resulted in a lack of knowledge of the goat population size in the past. Meat from these animals, is not available on the market, since most kids and even adult goats are slaughtered and consumed on the farms where they were raised (Memiši et al 2009; Žujović et al 2009)

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