Abstract

Ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves are messengers in space plasmas. They communicate information about unstable, free-energy-containing plasma configurations, transient phenomena, or obstacles in flowing plasmas; they transport energy between different parts of magnetospheric systems; and they serve as momentum coupling agents between remote regions such as the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. Having been observed first as geomagnetic micropulsations from ground observations, ULF waves are now known also to be present in magnetospheres other than the terrestrial magnetosphere. A comparative analysis and interpretation of ULF waves in planetary magnetospheres thus becomes possible and will help to elucidate their role in general. Here, we shall review and discuss ULF wave observations in the magnetospheres throughout our solar system.

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