Abstract
Significance The OSB will impose a duty of care on internet companies, particularly social media firms and search engines, to protect their users from a range of online harms, both legal and illegal. The communications regulator Ofcom will oversee and enforce compliance, and issue codes of practice that companies must follow. Impacts Due to their narrower focus, EU rules on tackling online harmful activity will likely be easier to enforce. Regulating illegal and harmful activity on encrypted services remains the hardest policy challenge. The sheer volume of online content means that reliance on (imperfect) automated filters is unavoidable. Western rules on harmful online content will be studied carefully in other countries grappling with similar problems such as India. Since OSB will primarily target US ‘big tech’, the issue will further strain US-UK relations.
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