Abstract
This research aims to determine 1) the effect of four formulas on slow release urea on the growth and yield of shallot plant at Purwosari village and 2) formula of slow release urea that have the best growth and yield of shallot plant at Purwosari village. The research was conducted in November 2019 untill Maret 2020 The research was conducted at the ex-paddy fields of Purwosari village, Baturraden District, Banyumas Regency and Research Laboratory, Jenderal Soedirman University. Research in the form of non-factorial field experiments using RAKL with five treatments repeated five times. The formula of each treatment includes: F0 = NPK (Urea, SP-36, and KCl), F1 = 70% urea + 6% chitosan + 24% humic acid, F2 = 70% urea + 10% Azolla microphylla + 10% gondorukem + 10% humic acid , F3 = 60% urea + 10% Azolla microphylla + 10% montmorillonite + 10% gondorukem + 10% humic acid, and F4 = 56% urea + 3% humic acid + 24% zeolite + 11% tapioca flour + 6% gondorukem. The observed variable including growth and yield components of shallot. The variable of growth including the height of plant, the number of leaves, the weight of fresh plant of clump-1, the weight of fresh plant of effective plot, the weight of dry plant of clump-1, the weight of dry plant of effective plot, and the number of clump-1 bulbs. The yield components of shallot is a bulbs. Result of the research showed that the best formula for plant growth and yield of shallot plant is F2. The growth and yield of shallot produced by F4 is always lower than in the control treatment (F0). Farmers can fertilize less and optimize nitrogen uptake by plants with application of slow release of urea.
Highlights
Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hasil pertanian unggulan penting dan prospektif
The research was conducted in November 2019 untill Maret 2020 The research was conducted at the expaddy fields
The variable of growth including the height of plant
Summary
Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hasil pertanian unggulan penting dan prospektif. Kebutuhan bawang merah semakin meningkat seiring bertambahnya penduduk. Hal tersebut dibuktikan melalui peningkatan hingga tahun 2019 yang mencapai 1,31 juta ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 3,26% per tahun (Kurniasari et al, 2017). Berdasarkan data Pusdatin (2015), produksi bawang merah di Indonesia selama 5 tahun berurut-urut (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, dan 2019) mengalami peningkatan, yaitu 1.173.162 ton, 1.207.256 ton, 1.241.350 ton, 1.275.444 ton, dan 1.309.539 ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan per tahun sebesar 1,24%. Ketersediaan hara dalam tanah yang cukup dan seimbang merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan budidaya bawang merah (Jamilah et al, 2017). Salah satu alasan menggunakan bawang merah varietas Tiron karena varietas tersebut tahan pada musim penghujan. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah 1) menghasilkan pupuk slow release urea untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan pupuk N dalam kegiatan bercocok tanam dan 2) memberikan informasi kepada pembaca bahwa penggunaan pupuk slow release urea dapat menghemat pemupukan oleh petani
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