Abstract
Azotobacter nitrogen-fixing bacteria and urea fertilizer to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers. These bacteria can play a role in increasing nitrogen uptake and further growth of soybean plants. This study aimed to obtain growth media for Azotobacter and increase plant and root growth and nitrogen uptake of Biosoy soybean varieties. The research was conducted to help the uptake of n in the soil and reduce the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The first experiment was carried out by growing bacteria on the media for 120 hours. The second experiment was designed in a completely randomized design that tested two treatments with additional use of urea fertilizer and Azotobacter and no Azotobacter. The results showed that there was no effect of giving Azotobacter from aloe vera gardens, and urea fertilizer showed a significant effect on the observed variables of soil pH in soybean plants on peat soil. In contrast, the variables observed were population, plant height, N content, N-total, plant dry weight, dry weight of plant roots, and N span of soybean plants had no significant effect.
Highlights
Azotobacter nitrogen-fixing bacteria and urea fertilizer to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers
The results showed that there was no effect of giving Azotobacter from aloe vera gardens, and urea fertilizer showed a significant effect on the observed variables of soil pH in soybean plants on peat soil
Isolasi dan Aktivitas Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas) dari Tanah Perkebunan Karet, Lampung
Summary
Tanah gambut terutama yang berada di daerah tropis memiliki sifat fisika, kimia dan biologi tertentu yang mencerminkan ciri khas dari tanah tersebut. Tingginya kandungan bahan organik dan rendahnya pH menyebabkan unsur-unsur hara yang berada dalam tanah tidak bisa langsung di manfaatkan oleh tumbuhan karena unsur-unsur tersebut mengalami kekurangan zat unsur tertentu, oleh karena itu, hanya beberapa jenis tumbuhan saja yang dapat hidup pada tanah gambut. Dengan adanya zat hijau daun yang berlimpah, tanaman akan lebih mudah melakukan fotosintesis, pupuk urea juga mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi, jumlah anakan, cabang dan lain-lain) serta, pupuk urea juga mampu menambah kandungan protein di dalam tanaman (Suhartono, 2012). Bakteri Azotobacter adalah bakteri penambat nitrogen bebas (N2 dari udara) yang mampu menghasilkan substansi zat pemacu tumbuh giberelin, sitokinin, dan asam indol asetat, sehingga dapat memacu pertumbuhan akar (Nosrati et al, 2014). Pada atmosfer nitrogen dalam bentuk molekul dan gas dinitrogen (N2) sangat berlimpah sekitar 80% dari total gas atmosfer, namun tidak dapat langsung digunakan untuk proses metaboilsme oleh tanaman tingkat tinggi atau binatang. Kedua bentuk nitrogen tersebut sebagian besar berasal dari pupuk dan penambatan nitrogen udara oleh mikroba tanah (Danaptriatna, 2010)
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