Abstract
Sari ER, Nugraheni ER. 2013. Antifungal activity test of Piper retrofractum leaf ethanol extract on Candida albicans growth. Biofarmasi 13: 36-42. Candida albicans is a pathogenic microbe infecting vagina, thrush (fungal infection on mouth cavity) and paronichia (the presence of pus on nail pad). The less effective treatment system, and the incidence of toxicity on several antifungal lead to the selection of alternative medication (treatment) from the secondary metabolite compounds of flavonoid, alkaloid and saponin existing in java chili (Piper retrofractum Vahl) leaf. This research aimed to examine the antifungal activity of javanese chili (Piper retrofractum Vahl) leaf ethanol extract on Candida albicans, as well as to determine the antifungal properties of antifungal activity of javanese chili leaf ethanol extract. The extract was obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol. The ethanol extract obtained was 57.895 gram with the specimen of 7.61% (b/w). The result of phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoid, saponin and alkaloid compounds, all of those were antifungal. The examination of antifungal activity of javanese chili leaf ethanol extract was performed by using a diffusion method and the concentration series of 10-100% by adding DMSO as a diluent and it was performed with 3 times of repetition. The result of DDH was analyzed using CRD (Completely Random Design) with one-way ANOVA at a confidence interval of 95% and LSD to find out the significant difference between the concentration series. The result of antifungal activity examination showed that the ethanol extract at 40% concentration provided more effective DDH on C. albicans of 5.54±0,64 mm. The result of examination was processed by using one-way ANOVA and LSD indicating a significant difference (p<0.05) between the concentration series. At 40% concentration, the antifungal examination was performed on C. albicans. The result showed that the javanese chili leaf ethanol extract was a fungiostatic against the tested fungus.
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