Abstract
<p><em><span class="fontstyle0">Tungro is one of the important diseases in rice plants caused by two types of viruses were rod virus (rice tungro bacilliform virus) and spherical virus (rice tungro spherical virus) that was transmitted by the green leafhopper (GLH) Nephotettix virescens. The purpose of this study to determine the adaptation of new improved varieties against GLH and tungro disease in Merauke, Papua Province. Research conducted at Tanah Miring District, Merauke, Papua Province between February and June 2010. The study was a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of 11 varieties, namely Inpari 1, Inpari 2, Inpari 3, Inpari 4, Inpari 5 Merawu, Inpari 6 Jete, Inpari 7 Lanrang, Inpari 8, Inpari 9 Elo, Inpari 10 Laeya, and Ciherang. Observations included the intensity of tungro and GLH population density at the age of rice plants of 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after planting (WAP). In addition, it was observed also the yield components of rice. The results showed that the GLH population density and the intensity of tungro disease was not significantly different at the 11 varieties tested. GLH attack had been found in 1 WAP with an average population density of 4.18 individual/20 single swing. GLH increases with the age of the rice crop with an average population density in 2 WAP (20 individual), 3 WAP (103.27 individual), and 4 WAP (154.15 individual) per 20 single swing. Tungro disease intensity in 11 varieties began were found in 3 WAP on average by 0.16% and increased at 4 WAP on average by 0.28%. Varieties significant effect on yield components such as plant height, panicle length, number of total grain/panicle, percentage of filled grain, 1000 grain weight and productivity except the number of panicles/clump. </span></em><span class="fontstyle2"><strong><span><br /> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></strong></span></p>
Highlights
Tungro merupakan salah satu penyakit penting tanaman padi yang disebabkan oleh dua jenis virus yaitu virus batang dan virus bulat yang ditularkan oleh wereng hijau Nephotettix virescens
The results showed that the green leafhopper (GLH) population density and the intensity of tungro disease was not significantly different at the 11 varieties tested
114 Hal. Widiarta, I.N., Yulianto, dan M
Summary
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Distrik Tanah Miring, Kabupaten Merauke, Propinsi Papua pada bulan Februari hingga Juni 2010. Jumlah bibit yang digunakan yaitu 1 hingga 2 batang per rumpun. Pemupukan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pupuk majemuk (NPK 15-15-15) dan urea dengan dosis masing-masing sebesar 300 kg/ha dan 200 kg/ha. Variabel pengamatan meliputi: intensitas serangan tungro (%), dan kepadatan populasi wereng hijau (individu). Pengamatan intensitas serangan tungro dan kepadatan populasi wereng hijau dilakukan sebanyak empat kali yaitu 1, 2, 3, dan 4 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Pengamatan intensitas tungro dilakukan dengan mengamati keberadaan gejala tungro pada semua rumpun pada masing-masing petak pengamatan. Pengamatan kepadatan populasi wereng hijau dilakukan menggunakan jaring serangga dengan 20 kali ayunan tunggal pada setiap petak pengamatan. Hasil sweeping kemudian dibawa ke laboratorium untuk dihitung populasi wereng hijau yang diperoleh. Persentase keberadaan tungro, kepadatan populasi wereng hijau, dan komponen hasil padi diuji sidik ragam dengan ANOVA. Perbedaan antar perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada taraf 5% (Gomez and Gomez, 1984)
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