UAVs for traffic monitoring: A sequential game-based computation offloading/sharing approach

Abstract

Recently, UAVs or Unnamed Aerial Vehicles have been proposed as flexible aerial support to assist ground vehicles for different applications such as rescue and traffic surveillance missions. UAVs can collect different data information about the road/traffic state usually as aerial photography and videos. The processing of this kind of data consists usually on pattern recognition and video processing which are complex tasks that necessitate powerful computing and energy resources. Unfortunately, the moderate UAV's computational and energy capabilities restrict local data processing. Fortunately, UAVs can leverage the computation resources of the surrounding edge network entities to enhance their computational capabilities. In this paper, we aim to achieve efficient data processing for the data collected by UAVs in the context of UAVs-aided vehicular networks for traffic monitoring missions. For this purpose, we propose a new system model where UAVs can offload and/or share intensive computation tasks with other nearby network nodes. Then, we use the computation response time, the energy consumed for the computation, the cost of cellular communication and the computation cost as the main system metrics to make any computation offloading/sharing decisions that optimize the system performance. We then modele the offloading/sharing decision-making problem as a sequential game, where we provide complete proof of the existence of the Nash equilibrium and propose an algorithm to reach such an equilibrium. The simulation results showed that the proposed game-based model outperforms other approaches by delivering better performance in terms of overall system utility with a data processing efficiency that varies between 43% and 97% depending on the computation approach, and provides a more efficient computation time and energy average.