UAV NAVIGATION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON THE SPECTRAL PORTRAIT OF TERRAIN

Abstract

This paper focuses on investigating the navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using spatial-spectral representations of the terrain. This type of navigation is valuable in situations where GPS receivers and other navigation devices fail, but its implementation requires resolving several methodological challenges. One crucial aspect to consider is the impact of changes in illumination on the spectral characteristics of objects. The adoption of satellite-based solutions relying on optical patterns is not suitable for low-flying UAVs, and instead, utilizing service data from the spectral sensors on the UAV's meter display holds greater promise. This study examines an existing method that addresses illumination changes by utilizing the LightValue parameter for different cameras, both in laboratory and field conditions. Through experimentation, it has been established that the relationship between LightValue and the intensities of color components varies individually across different cameras. To correct for natural light variations, it is proposed to employ experimentally derived relationships specific to the sensory equipment brands. When designing navigation systems based on spectral representations of the terrain, it is advisable to select objects that exhibit the most consistent optical changes with respect to illumination.