Abstract
In an event of a disaster, the connectivity of on-scene available User Equipment (UE) to the first responders is important because of the unavailability of conventional networks. Therefore, in this paper, considering the deployment of both the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Mobile Command Center (MCC), we investigate end to end connectivity of UEs to the MCC in terms of the outage. Specifically, various disaster aware clustering schemes are proposed that utilize the UAV and MCC position for the association. These schemes include multiple degrees of freedom to manage intra-cluster distances along with the flexibility to restructure the clusters. In addition, we assume the provision of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) at Cluster Heads (CHs) through the UAV and MCC. The results show that the association of a UE to MCC or UAV prior to clustering can be optimized to achieve better performance. Without SWIPT at CH, the minimum distance metric to the UAV provides less outage. However, with SWIPT a weighted compromise between intra-cluster distance and CH distance to the UAV achieves less outage. We applied our proposed methods on a real man-made disaster scenario layout and determined their efficacy.
Highlights
I N disaster situations such as earthquakes, torrential rains, tsunami, floods, and landslides, one of the biggest problem is the failure of communication infrastructure that makes the responders task difficult
Clustering with Association-Modified Metric (CWAMM): The clustering with the association (CWA)-W approach changes the position of Cluster Heads (CHs) node within a cluster based on the value of β and does not consider association to other clusters based on their distance to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or Mobile Command Center (MCC)
The performance of these schemes is analyzed in terms of outage probability
Summary
I N disaster situations such as earthquakes, torrential rains, tsunami, floods, and landslides, one of the biggest problem is the failure of communication infrastructure that makes the responders task difficult. The power requirements to maintain an active connection can vary significantly with in the network because of the position of on-scene devices (trapped victims hiding under the tables, behind the cabinets and counters etc) To this end, Energy Harvesting (EH) can play a key role in maintaining the connectivity by supplementing the battery power in disaster scenarios/PSNs [13]– [18]. The authors in [25] used SWIPT for the throughput maximization of a simple cooperative network in which the UAV acts as a relay This algorithm optimizes transmission power, PS ratio, and the UAV trajectory, it is not directly applicable in disaster scenarios where there may be multiple devices and some of them may not be able to communicate with the UAV or MCC directly.
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