Abstract
This paper investigates wireless powered communication network (WPCN) systems aided by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) where a UAV-mounted access point (AP) serves multiple energy-constrained ground terminals (GTs). Specifically, the UAVs first transmit the wireless energy transfer (WET) signals to charge the GTs in the downlink. Then, by utilizing the harvested energy, the GTs send their wireless information transmission (WIT) signals to the UAVs in the uplink. In this paper, depending on the operations of the UAVs, we consider two different scenarios, namely integrated and separated UAV WPCNs. First, in the integrated system, a UAV acts as a hybrid AP in which both energy transfer and information reception are performed at a single UAV. In contrast, for the separated UAV WPCN, we consider two UAVs each of which behaves as an information AP and an energy AP independently, and thus the information decoding and the energy transfer are separately processed at two different UAVs. In each system, we formulate two optimization problems taking into account a linear energy harvesting (EH) model and a practical non-linear model. To maximize the minimum throughput of the GTs, we jointly optimize the trajectories of the UAVs, the uplink power control, and the time resource allocation for the WET and the WIT. Since the formulated problems are non-convex, in the linear EH model-based system, we apply the concave-convex procedure by deriving appropriate convex bounds for non-convex constraints and identify the suboptimal solution for the problem by a proposed iterative algorithm. In the non-linear model-based system, we propose another algorithm to obtain an efficient solution by adopting the successive convex approximation method with the alternating optimization framework. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency and the performance of the proposed algorithms compared to conventional schemes.
Highlights
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been adopted in many applications such as cargo transport and military operations [2], [3], and deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hasThe associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Qinghua Guo.drawn huge attentions in the field of wireless communications [4]–[15]
We provide the successive convex approximation (SCA) approach [37] to address the non-convexity of (P1.2) by reformulating the non-convex constraints into the approximated convex ones, which had not been investigated in the existing literature related to the linear energy harvesting (EH) model-based UAV-aided wireless energy transfer (WET) system [31]–[34] yet
In the separated system, two UAVs mainly cover two different areas so that the information decoding (ID) UAV flies over the upper-right side of the area, while the energy transferring (ET) UAV gets around the lower-left side
Summary
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been adopted in many applications such as cargo transport and military operations [2], [3], and deploying the UAV has. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Qinghua Guo. drawn huge attentions in the field of wireless communications [4]–[15]. Compared to traditional networks where APs are fixed on the ground, wireless communication networks employing a UAV-mounted access point (AP) exhibit deployment flexibility and cost-efficiency. The mobility of the UAV can provide an opportunity for the networks to enhance the system capacity. J. Park et al.: UAV-Aided WPCNs: Trajectory Optimization and Resource Allocation
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