Typology of Verbal Violence in Political Discourse: Codification of Sociolinguistics

Abstract

-Use of language in the political world, especially during regional elections and heads of state almost loses control so that it represents verbal violence, such as provocation, insults, hate speech, etc. Therefore, this study aims to codify the typology of verbal violence in the political discourse of the 2017 DKI Regional Election and 2019 Presidential Election based on Sociolinguistic studies. This research uses a qualitativedescriptive approach andmethod content analysis and is based on typological work steps. Based on Sociolinguistics codified three typologies of the use of verbal violence in the political discourse of the DKI and Pilpres Regional Elections. First, based on his mission andmotivation political, founded a type of verbal hate speechwith four subtypes, namely (a) insults, (b) defamation, (c) provocation, and (d) incitement. Second, based on its social effects,, three types of verbal violence were foundnamely (1) stigmatization, (2) labeling, and (3) stereotyping. Third, based on the form of delivery, found two types of verbal violence, namely (1) repressive with four subtypes: (a) threatening, (b) forcing, (c) yelling, (d) frightening, and (f) humiliating; and (2) an alienative type with two subtypes: (a) alienating and (b) discrediting. Based on the dominance of the data found on its political mission and motivation, which is contempt and provocation, the social effect is stigmatization, and based on repressive forms it is humiliating and alienative is discrediting; it can be concluded that the use of verbal violence in political discourse aims to beat, even bring down political opponents massively on themass online media and social media, so that political language has lost its meaning and is far from politeness.