TYPOLOGY OF DEVIATIONS IN SOCIAL COMMUNICATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH VARIOUS VARIANTS OF DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of identifying typical and atypical deviations in the development of social communication in young children with various variants of dysontogenesis. At the beginning, the author gives a brief excursion into the history of the organization of early comprehensive care at the bases of preschool educational organizations in Moscow in the period from 2009 to 2014. (in early aid services, short-stay groups, game support centres, etc.). The article also describes the current opportunities for young children and their families to receive correctional, developmental and counselling services in Moscow and the Moscow Region. The author focuses on the heterogeneity of the contingent of children with developmental disabilities and identifies three main groups: with delayed speech development, delayed cognitive and speech development, as well as with deviations in the emotional and volitional sphere. A statistical analysis of the identification of such delays in development during 2009–2014 is provided and over the past academic year, on the basis of various educational organizations, on the basis of which psychological and pedagogical support for young children with developmental problems and their parents was organized. The experimental data obtained by the author indicate an increase in the number of young children with deviations in the emotional and volitional sphere. This category of children often causes difficulties for specialists in conducting psychological and pedagogical diagnostics and determining an individual pedagogical route. Further, the article presents a typology of typical and atypical deviations in the development of social communication in young children with previously considered variants of dysontogenesis. Special attention is paid to the assessment of the level of communicative development, social interaction and emotional response of children of different categories. At the end of the article, attention is focused on another category of babies – children of the “risk group” for possible manifestations of the consequences of exposure to negative factors in the perinatal period of development. Such children require special dynamic monitoring by adults, need propaedeutic psychological and pedagogical measures in order to prevent the appearance of developmental delays.