Abstract
The article considers polarization as an extreme form of spatial differentiation. Its essence and complex multidimensional nature are noted. It allows to distinguish separate types of polarization for the research objectives. In general, there are five types of polarization - economic, social, ekistical, demographic and polarization of social and economic development processes. Their specificity, outstanding characteristics and ratios of different types of polarization are considered. Based on the works on polarization types of Russian and foreign experts since 2010 the key characteristics, modern peculiarities of research and indicators describing every type of polarization are outlined. The common features are also indicated. It suggests further prospects and features of the polarization types research. The common (designate an all-inclusive polarization types) and specific (characterizing the separate polarization types) perspectives are distinguished.
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