Type-3 ryanodine receptor involved in Ca 2+-induced Ca 2+ release and transmitter exocytosis at frog motor nerve terminals

Abstract

Ca 2+-induced Ca 2+ release (CICR) occurs in frog motor nerve terminals after ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are primed for activation by conditioning large Ca 2+ entry. We studied which type of RyR exists, whether CICR occurs without conditioning Ca 2+ entry and how RyRs are primed. Immunohistochemistry revealed the existence of RyR3 in motor nerve terminals and axons and both RyR1 and RyR3 in muscle fibers. A blocker of RyR, 8-( N, N-diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8) slightly decreased rises in intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+] i) induced by a short tetanus (50 Hz, 1–2 s), but not after treatment with ryanodine. Repetitive tetani (50 Hz for 15 s every 20 s) produced repetitive rises in [Ca 2+] i, whose amplitude overall waxed and waned. TMB-8 blocked the waxing and waning components. Ryanodine suppressed a slow increase in end-plate potentials (EPPs) induced by stimuli (33.3 Hz, 15 s) in a low Ca 2+, high Mg 2+ solution. KN-62, a blocker of Ca 2+/calmoduline-activated protein kinase II (CaMKII), slightly reduced short tetanus-induced rises in [Ca 2+] i, but markedly the slow waxing and waning rises produced by repetitive tetani in both normal and low Ca 2+, high Mg 2+ solutions. Likewise, KN-62, but not KN-04, an inactive analog, suppressed slow increases in EPP amplitude and miniature EPP frequency during long tetanus. Thus, CICR normally occurs weakly via RyR3 activation by single impulse-induced Ca 2+ entry in frog motor nerve terminals and greatly after the priming of RyR via CaMKII activation by conditioning Ca 2+ entry, thus, facilitating transmitter exocytosis and its plasticity.