Abstract
Type Three Secretion System Effector Translocation: One Step or Two?
Highlights
Type three secretion systems are highly conserved and consist of approximately 20 proteins that assemble the basal body and needle components of a functional T3SS
The basal body is believed to carry out secretion and the hollow channel inside the needle structure is presumed to act as a conduit through which bacterial proteins enter the host cell (Kubori et al, 1998; Marlovits et al, 2004; Cornelis, 2006)
Immunoelectron microscopy showed that Yersinia T3SS effectors YopE and YopH, and the translocator YopD are evenly distributed across the Yersinia surface prior to contact with host cells (Akopyan et al, 2011)
Summary
Type three secretion systems are highly conserved and consist of approximately 20 proteins that assemble the basal body and needle components of a functional T3SS. The current prevailing model is that the effectors transport from the needle tip across the host cell membrane using bacterial proteins that create a translocon pore in the host cell membrane (Hakansson et al, 1996; Scherer et al, 2000), completing secretion and translocation in a “one-step” process.
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