Abstract
SUMMARY Of the 36 new species described by J. F. Gmelin in the 13th edition of the Systema Naturae, 15 are concluded to be valid, 15 are synonyms of previously described species, 5 are rejected as nomina dubia, and 1 is no longer placed in Conus. Gmelin described 8 new infraspecific taxa, of which 1 is considered valid and of species rank, 1 is a synonym of a previously described species, 4 are rejected as nomina dubia, and 2 are relegated to infrasubspecific status, as they are based not on allopatric populations but on morphologic variations without regard to geographic origin. The one new species described by J. F. Blumenbach in the 4th edition of his Handbuch der Naturegeschichte is concluded to be valid. As Gmelin probably possessed no specimens, but based his species on earlier published descriptions and figures, no original specimens exist. One neotype, 2 lectotypes, 8 representatives of holotypes and 21 representatives of lectotypes are selected and illustrated photographically. A representative of lectotype is selected for Blumenbach's species. By 1791, 97 species of Conus had been described, of which 62 are now considered valid. Of these 59 are Recent and 3 are Eocene fossils.
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