Abstract
The aim of this research is to establish by immunohistochemistry if there is a change in the expression of collagen type IV, as a substitute of basement membrane, in development of epithelial dysplasia in chronically inflamed colon mucosa. Biopsy specimens from 270 patients were examined: 74 were classified as inflammatory-regenerative and 196 as dysplastic lesions. There were 108 cases of mild dysplasia, 58 cases of moderate and 30 cases severe dysplasia, respectively. Visualisation of collagen IV and its way of expression within basement membrane of glandular crypts was performed by immunohistochemistry and then compared with findings in normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma tissue. Changes in the expression of collagen IV comprised of its focal irregularities, diffuse thinning and/or thickening, focal interruptions or its complete absence. Significant changes in the expression of collagen IV in relation to normal mucosa already occur in inflammatory-regenerative mucosa. In mild dysplasia, these changes are more intensive in relation to those in inflammatory altered mucosa as well as at severe dysplasia in relation to moderate dysplasia. Changes in the expression of collagen IV in severe dysplasia are significantly more serious than in moderate dysplasia but are identical to those in colon adenocarcinoma tissue. These findings suggest that change in the expression of collagen IV is in correlation to a degree of epithelial dysplasia that developed in flat chronically inflamed colon mucosa.
Highlights
Basement membrane is a structure that separates connective tissue from parenchymatous cells, endothelium, nerve trunks and myocytes
These findings suggest that change in the expression of collagen IV is in correlation to a degree of epithelial dysplasia that developed in flat chronically inflamed colon mucosa
Mild dysplasia was found in 108 cases, moderate in 58 while severe dysplasia was found in 30 cases (Table 1)
Summary
Basement membrane is a structure that separates connective tissue from parenchymatous cells, endothelium, nerve trunks and myocytes. As components of basement membranes (BM) are identified by immunohistochemistry: proteoglycane heparin sulphate, glycoprotein laminin, collagen type IV, entactin and fibronectin. BM in all tissues develops as a result of mutual activity of epithelium and extracellular matrix. Preservation of its integrity is a reflection of preservation of structural and functional relation between epithelium and stroma. In colon mucosa BM is primarily product of epithelial cells that lay on it and of pericryptal fibroblasts that surround glandular crypts. Heparin sulphate is exclusively produced by epithelial cells, collagen IV by mesenchymal cells while laminin is produced by both types of cells. Close contact of epithelial cells and pericryptal fibroblasts is essential for production of aforementioned components as achieved only in normal mucosa
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