Abstract
Rectal prolapse a rectal static disorder and is more common in donkey than in horses. The aim of this study was to relate the cases of three type II retained prolapses in northeastern donkeys (Equus asinus) that were vulnerable and mistreated, from the exploratory chain to decrease. Two males and one female, which were treated, exhibited an evolution of prolapse over 6, 24, and 96 h. Tachycardia and tachypnea were observed in the two cases with the shortest duration of prolapse evolution, for which conservative mechanical reversal was effective, without the need for a surgical procedure. Conditions differed between the heart rate and respiratory parameters in case with 96 h of evolution, or in those where it was necessary to use epidural anesthesia and sphincter suture with a tobacco bag pattern. The findings of this study reinforce the need to compile cases from the literature to establish a standard protocol for rectal prolapse in donkeys.
Highlights
Rectal prolapse is a rectal static disorder, which is more common in donkeys (Equus asinus) than in horses (Desmaizières, 2006; Mendonza et al, 2018)
The findings of this study reinforce the need to compile cases from the literature to establish a standard protocol for rectal prolapse in donkeys
Rectal prolapse is subdivided into complete or incomplete prolapse, depending on the rectal layers involved and is classified into four types: I involves only the rectal mucosa and submucosa protruding through the anal sphincter; II represents the full thickness prolapse of the entire rectal ampulla or a portion of it; III involves the inclusion of part of the small colon intussuscepted in the rectum, without being projected by the anus; and IV involves intussusception of the peritoneal rectum and part of the smaller colon by the anus, which is more common in females affected by dystocic births (El-Karim, 1995; Robert et al, 2016)
Summary
Rectal prolapse is a rectal static disorder, which is more common in donkeys (Equus asinus) than in horses (Desmaizières, 2006; Mendonza et al, 2018). Rectal prolapse is subdivided into complete or incomplete prolapse, depending on the rectal layers involved and is classified into four types: I involves only the rectal mucosa and submucosa protruding through the anal sphincter; II represents the full thickness prolapse of the entire rectal ampulla or a portion of it; III involves the inclusion of part of the small colon intussuscepted in the rectum, without being projected by the anus; and IV involves intussusception of the peritoneal rectum and part of the smaller colon by the anus, which is more common in females affected by dystocic births (El-Karim, 1995; Robert et al, 2016) These conditions are common in work donkeys, secondary to diarrhea, prolonged continuous coughs, high parasitic loads (mainly Gasterophilus and Strongylus), and malnutrition, but without a predisposition related to age or sex. The aim of this study was to present three cases of type II rectal prolapse in vulnerable donkeys
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