Type D Personality Is an Independent Predictor of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Young Men.

Ying-Jay Liou,Yu-Hua Fan,Wei-Ming Cheng

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.822490

Abstract

This cross-sectional study, which included men aged 20–40 years, aimed to determine the relationships among type D personality, depressive symptoms and lower urinary tract symptoms in young men. An internet-based questionnaire was administered, and General demographics, International Prostate Symptom Scores, Type D Scale-14 scores, and Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale scores were analyzed. A total of 3,127 men were included; of these, 762 (24.4%) reported moderate/severe lower urinary tract symptoms, and 1,565 (50.05%) met the criteria for type D personality. Men with type D personality had significantly higher body mass index and total and sub-scores for the International Prostate Symptom Score and Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale. Furthermore, the type D personality group had a higher prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, particularly voiding symptoms. Univariate analysis revealed that all parameters, except for body mass index, were significant predictors of moderate/severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed that age >30 years, type D personality, and depressive and somatic Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale sub-scores were independent predictors of moderate/severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Regarding Type D Scale-14 subscales, social inhibition, rather than negative affectivity, impacted moderate/severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Mediation analysis revealed that depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between type D personality and lower urinary tract symptoms. This study established correlations between type D personality, depressive symptoms, and lower urinary tract symptoms. As previous studies suggested that patients with type D personality are less likely to consult and adhere to treatment, and are at higher risk for depression, urologists should therefore actively recognize patients with TDP.

Highlights

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men commonly manifest as storage, voiding, and post-micturition symptoms, mainly affecting the bladder, prostate, and urethra
This study aimed to evaluate the relationships among Type D (distressed) personality (TDP), depression, and LUTS in young men
We observed that 50% of men aged 20–40 years had TDP, and that TDP was associated with increased body mass index (BMI), increased depressive and somatic symptoms, and increased severity of LUTS, voiding symptoms

Summary

Introduction

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men commonly manifest as storage, voiding, and post-micturition symptoms, mainly affecting the bladder, prostate, and urethra. In Western Europe and North America, the Epidemiology Urinary Incontinence and Comorbidities (EPIC) study, a telephone survey in Canada, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the UK, reported that the prevalence of at least one LUTS was 62.5 and 66.6% in men and women aged ≥40 years, respectively (Irwin et al, 2006). In South America, the Brazil LUTS, a telephone interview conducted in five major cities of Brazil, indicated that LUTS affected 69% and 82% of men and women aged ≥40 years, respectively (Soler et al, 2018). LUTS affect young adults; for example, a study involving South Korean men aged 19–39 years reported that 28.7% had mild-to-severe LUTS (Kim et al, 2019)

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