Abstract
Diabetes includes various heterogeneous factors. Similar to subtypes of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes may show four subtype clusters. They are cluster A: severe insulin-deficient diabetes, B: severe insulin-resistant diabetes, C: mild obesity-related diabetes, and D: mild age-related diabetes. Comparing them, the prevalence of nephropathy and cardiovascular events was highest in the cluster A. Reference data are i) the ratio of cluster A-D is 18.7%, 23.7%, 21.1%, 36.4%, ii) HbA1c for A-D is 11.05%, 8.17%, 8.49%, 7.95%, iii) event ratio of MACE is 14.4%, 10.6%, 11.4%, 9.1%. Future diabetic treatment is hopefully provided suitable for each subtype.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus has been increasing worldwide, and become a crucial challenge to maintain and promote the health of people [1]
Since Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) shows marked heterogeneity in clinical symptoms, sign, various risk factors, multifactorial outcome, and course, the management cannot be conducted by an individualized approach [2]
Is negative. ii) Cluster B, severe insulin resistant diabetes; usually high value of body mass index (BMI). iii) Cluster C, mild obesity-related diabetes; more related with obesity status compared with the presence of insulin resistance. iv) Cluster D, mild age-related diabetes; the patients tend to develop the onset at older age than that of Cluster C
Summary
Diabetes mellitus has been increasing worldwide, and become a crucial challenge to maintain and promote the health of people [1]. Abbreviations Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); All New Diabetes in Scania (ANDIS) Since Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) shows marked heterogeneity in clinical symptoms, sign, various risk factors, multifactorial outcome, and course, the management cannot be conducted by an individualized approach [2].
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