Abstract
Material and methods The study enrolled 65 subjects diagnosed as T2D up to 21 yrs. of age from a cohort that began in 2004 in a reference center. A cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain clinical and laboratory data from chart reviews. Body mass index (BMI) was defined according to World Health Organization (WHO) or National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), adjusted for age and gender, and MS, to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.
Highlights
The frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide mainly due to the global epidemic of obesity in childhood
Environmental and genetic factors are being implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and those who were born large (LGA) or small (SGA) for gestational age are at increased risk of developing obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS)
Our findings showed a high frequency of familial history of T2D, reflecting a genetic and environmental basis and an increased prevalence in females, mostly adolescents
Summary
The frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide mainly due to the global epidemic of obesity in childhood. Environmental and genetic factors are being implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and those who were born large (LGA) or small (SGA) for gestational age are at increased risk of developing obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS)
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