Abstract
The genus Tylopilus s. str. in the Dominican Republic is investigated. Tylopilus griseiolivaceus is introduced as a novel species based on material recorded in a neotropical montane pine woodland but also known to occur in temperate coniferous forests in southeastern USA. The Central American species T. leucomycelinus is also re-evaluated and its geographical range expanded. A detailed morphological description is provided for both species and accompanied by colour images of fresh basidiomes in habitat, line drawings of the main anatomical features and molecular support relying on a multilocus phylogenetic inference (nrITS, nrLSU (28S), rpb2 datasets). In addition, DNA was successfully isolated from the type material of T. leucomycelinus and compared with the genetic material obtained from additional neotropical samples. The taxonomic placement, ecological requirements and distribution patterns of T. griseiolivaceus and T. leucomycelinus are investigated/reviewed and their relationships with closely allied taxa in Tylopilus s. str. are elucidated and discussed. Epitypification of T. leucomycelinus is proposed herein.
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